List of bison conservation herds in North America

Conservation of American bison is heavily tied with conservation herds and the protected areas they roam. American bison occupy less than one percent of their historical range with fewer than 20,000 bison in conservation herds on public, tribal or private protected lands. The roughly 500,000 animals that are raised for commercial purposes are not included unless the entity is engaged in conservation efforts.[1][2]

Name Location Operator Herd size
American Prairie Montana American Prairie Foundation 800+
Antelope Island State Park[3] Utah Utah State Parks 200
Badlands National Park [3] South Dakota National Park Service 1000
Banff National Park[3] Alberta Parks Canada 36
Battelle Darby Creek Metro Park Ohio Columbus and Franklin County Metro Parks 10
Bear Butte State Park South Dakota South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks small
Bear River State Park[3] Wyoming Wyoming Division of State Parks and Historic Sites 10
Blue Mounds State Park[3] Minnesota Minnesota Department of Natural Resources 100
Broken Kettle Grasslands Preserve Iowa The Nature Conservancy 200
Buffalo Pound Provincial Park[3] Saskatchewan Saskatchewan Environment, Parks Branch
Camp Pendleton bison herd California USMC (Camp Pendleton Game Warden's Office) 90
Camp Wainwright[3] Alberta Department of National Defence (Canada)
Caprock Canyons State Park[3] Texas Texas Parks and Wildlife Department 150
Catalina Island bison herd[3] California Catalina Island Conservancy 100
Chickasaw National Recreation Area Oklahoma National Park Service 3
Clymer Meadow Preserve[3] Texas The Nature Conservancy
Chief Mountain Wilderness Unit[4] Montana Blackfeet Nation 25
Chippewa Cree Tribal Buffalo Pasture Montana Chippewa Cree 11
Chitina herd[3] Alaska Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Copper River herd[3] Alaska Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Crane Trust Nebraska Crane Trust 50+
Cross Ranch Nature Preserve[3] North Dakota The Nature Conservancy 200
CSKT Bison Range Montana Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes 500
Custer State Park[3] South Dakota South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks 1500
Daniels Park[3] Colorado Denver Parks and Recreation 30
Delta Junction herd[3] Alaska Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Elk Island National Park[3] Alberta Parks Canada 315
Farewell Lake herd[3] Alaska Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Fermilab bison herd[3] Illinois U.S. Department of Energy 28
Finney Game Refuge[3] Kansas Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks
Fort Niobrara National Wildlife Refuge[3] Nebraska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 350
Fort Peck Indian Reservation Montana Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes 400
Fort Robinson State Park[3] Nebraska Nebraska Game and Parks Commission 150
Fort Worth Nature Center and Refuge Texas Fort Worth, Texas 18
Genesee Park[3] Colorado Denver Parks and Recreation 33
Grand Teton National Park–National Elk Refuge bison herd[3] Wyoming National Park Service 1000
Grasslands National Park Saskatchewan Parks Canada 300
Hay-Zama Lakes Wildland Park Alberta Alberta Parks 400
Henry Mountains bison herd[3] Utah Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Bureau of Land Management 400
Hot Springs State Park[3] Wyoming Wyoming Division of State Parks and Historic Sites 15
House Rock State Wildlife Area[3] Arizona Arizona Game and Fish Department
Innoko National Wildlife Refuge Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 94
Janos Biosphere Reserve Chihuahua Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources 138
Kankakee Sands Indiana The Nature Conservancy 90+
Konza Prairie Biological Station[3] Kansas The Nature Conservancy, Kansas State University 300
Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area[3] Kentucky U.S. Forest Service 50
Maderas del Carmen Coahuila Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources 19
Maxwell Wildlife Refuge Kansas Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks 150
Medano–Zapata Ranch Colorado The Nature Conservancy
Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie Illinois U.S. Forest Service 50
Minneopa State Park Minnesota Minnesota Department of Natural Resources 30
Nachusa Grasslands Illinois The Nature Conservancy 130
Niobrara Valley Preserve Nebraska The Nature Conservancy
Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge[3] Iowa U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 50
Old Man on His Back Prairie and Heritage Conservation Area Saskatchewan Nature Conservancy of Canada 115
Ordway Prairie Preserve South Dakota The Nature Conservancy
Paynes Prairie Preserve State Park Florida Florida Department of Environmental Protection 50-70
Pink Mountain[3] British Columbia British Columbia Department of Water, Lands and Air Protection
Prairie State Park[3] Missouri Missouri Department of Natural Resources 100
Primrose Lake Air Weapons Range[3] Alberta–Saskatchewan CFB Cold Lake, Department of National Defence (Canada)
Prince Albert National Park[3] Saskatchewan Parks Canada 400
Raymond State Wildlife Area[3] Arizona Arizona Game and Fish Department
Riding Mountain National Park[3] Manitoba Parks Canada 40
Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge Colorado U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 150
Sandhill Wildlife Area[3] Wisconsin Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources 15
Sandsage Bison Range & Wildlife Area Kansas Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks 51
Smoky Valley Ranch Kansas The Nature Conservancy
Soapstone Prairie/Red Mountain Colorado Fort Collins, Colorado and Larimer County 100
Spring Lake Park Reserve Minnesota Dakota County Parks 12
Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve Kansas The Nature Conservancy, National Park Service 90
Tallgrass Prairie Preserve[3] Oklahoma The Nature Conservancy 2500
Theodore Roosevelt National Park[3] North Dakota National Park Service 800
Trexler Nature Preserve Pennsylvania Lehigh County 14
Vermejo Park Ranch New Mexico and Colorado Ted Turner 1200
Wanuskewin Heritage Park Saskatchewan Wanuskewin Heritage Park Authority 12
Waterton Lakes National Park[3] Alberta Parks Canada 6
White Horse Hill National Game Preserve[3] North Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 20
Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge[3] Oklahoma U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 650
Wildcat Hills State Recreation Area[3] Nebraska Nebraska Game and Parks Commission
Wind Cave National Park South Dakota National Park Service 400
Wolakota Buffalo Range South Dakota Rosebud Economic Development Corporation 100
Wood Buffalo National Park Alberta and Northwest Territories Parks Canada 3000
Yellowstone National Park Idaho, Montana, Wyoming National Park Service 4800
Commercial herds are not included. Listed herds remove excess bison on a regular basis which may be slaughtered for commercial purposes.

References

  1. ^ "To Save Species from Extinction, We Must Consider More than Just Numbers". In These Times. November 17, 2019. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
  2. ^ Nargi, Lela. "Bison meat is hot. Ranchers are struggling to keep up". Mother Jones. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq Boyd, Delaney P.; Gates, C. Cormack (Spring 2006). "A Brief Review of the Status of Plains Bison in North America" (PDF). Journal of the West. 45 (2): 15–21.
  4. ^ Scott, Tristan (June 28, 2023). "Blackfeet Bring Bison Home to Chief Mountain". Flathead Beacon. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
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