An Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families

Parliament of Canada
  • An Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families
CitationS.C. 2019, c. 24
Considered byHouse of Commons of Canada
Considered bySenate of Canada
Assented to2019-06-21
Legislative history
First chamber: House of Commons of Canada
Bill citationBill C-92
Introduced bySeamus O'Regan MP, Minister of Indigenous Services
First reading2019-02-28
Second reading2019-05-03
Third reading2019-06-03
Second chamber: Senate of Canada
Member(s) in chargePatti LaBoucane-Benson
First reading2019-06-10
Second reading2019-06-13
Third reading2019-06-14
Status: In force

An Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families[note 1] is an act of the Parliament of Canada which establishes a legal framework and standards for Indigenous control over child and family services.[1]

Background

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission recommended child welfare legislation establishing national standards for aboriginal child apprehensions.[2]

Provisions

The legislation transfers child welfare from other levels of government to Indigenous self-government.[3]

Criticism

The legislation has been criticised in Policy Options for not guaranteeing "adequate funding for this system reform".[1]

The act was challenged by the Government of Quebec, but was ruled constitutional by the Supreme Court of Canada.[4]

Agreements made under the act

Province/Territory Community or representative organisation Citation
British Columbia Splats'in First Nation [5]
Alberta Driftpile Cree Nation [6]
Ontario Chiefs of Ontario

Nishnawbe Aski Nation

[7]
Manitoba Peguis First Nation [8]
Ontario Louis Bull Tribe [9]
Ontario Wabaseemoong Independent Nations [10]
Ontario Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug [11]
Saskatchewan Cowessess First Nation [12]
Ontario Algonquins of Pikwàkanagàn First Nation [13]
Quebec Atikamekw of Opitciwan [14]
Northwest Territories [15]

Notes

  1. ^ French: Loi concernant les enfants, les jeunes et les familles des Premières Nations, des Inuits et des Métis

References

  1. ^ a b Blackstock, Cindy; Trocmé, Nico (October 18, 2024). "Are Indigenous communities being set up to fail with the transfer of control of child welfare services?". Policy Options. Institute for Research on Public Policy. Archived from the original on December 15, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  2. ^ "4. Enact child welfare legislation that establishes national standards for Aboriginal child apprehension and custody cases". CBC News. March 18, 2025. Archived from the original on March 16, 2025. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  3. ^ Ross, Shane (March 1, 2019). "Indigenous child welfare bill could be life-changing, says Mi'kmaq confederacy". CBC News. Archived from the original on January 4, 2020. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  4. ^ Williams, Kierstin (February 9, 2024). "Supreme Court upholds federal Indigenous child welfare law". Nunatsiaq News. Archived from the original on February 11, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  5. ^ "Splatsin First Nation pens B.C.'s 1st child welfare agreement with federal government". CBC News. March 24, 2023. Archived from the original on April 8, 2023. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  6. ^ Guenzler, Joseph (February 28, 2025). "Driftpile Cree Nation begin self-governed child services". National Indigenous Times. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  7. ^ Forester, Brett (March 26, 2025). "Ontario First Nations approve $8.5B regional deal on child and family services reform". CBC News. Archived from the original on March 20, 2025. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  8. ^ "Peguis First Nation signs child welfare agreement that chief says marks break in cycle". CBC News. January 31, 2023. Archived from the original on November 22, 2023. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  9. ^ Amato, Angela (February 1, 2023). "Alberta First Nation signs two-year agreement with Ottawa to administer its own child welfare". CBC News. Archived from the original on December 5, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  10. ^ Turner, Logan (January 3, 2021) [2021-01-01]. "Wabaseemoong Independent Nations will have Anishinaabe law on child welfare start in new year". CBC News. Archived from the original on January 1, 2021. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  11. ^ Turner, Logan (April 11, 2023). "Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug celebrates First Nation-led family law, one of the few in Canada". CBC News. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  12. ^ Djuric, Mickey (July 9, 2021). "How Cowessess First Nation's historic child welfare agreement with Canada and Saskatchewan works". CBC News. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  13. ^ "Ontario, federal governments ink agreement with Algonquins to back child and family services law". Law Times. March 26, 2025. Archived from the original on March 27, 2025. Retrieved April 26, 2025.
  14. ^ Stefanovich, Olivia (December 18, 2022). "How one First Nation aims to break the cycle of trauma with new child 'well-being' law". CBC News. Archived from the original on June 7, 2023. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
  15. ^ "Canada and N.W.T. sign historic funding agreement with Inuvialuit for child services". CBC News. October 1, 2024 [2024-09-30]. Archived from the original on September 30, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2025.
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